Different forms of Irregular Verbs

To form the past and perfect tense and to form passive voice, add --ed to a regular verb:

Present               Past

like                      liked              (if verb ends in e, only add d)

carry                   carried                     (if verb ends in y and is preceded by                                                                        consonant, drop the y and insert ied)

drop                     dropped              (c-v-c rule: double final consonant  before adding ed)

remember            remembered

stew                     stewed

walk                     walked

frown                   frowned

Many verbs are irregular; the past and perfect tenses are not controlled by strict patterns:

Irregular Verbs

Base Form	Simple Past Tense	Past Participle
Awake	awoke	awoken
Be	was, were	been
Bear	bore	born
Beat	beat	beat
Become	became	become
Begin	began	begun
Bend	bent	bent
Beset	beset	beset
Bet	bet	bet
Bid	bid/bade	bid/bidden
Bind	bound	bound
Bite	bit	bitten
Bleed	bled	bled
Blow	blew	blown
Break	broke	broken
Breed	bred	bred
Bring	brought	brought
Broadcast	broadcast	broadcast
Build	built	built
Burn	burned	burned
Burst	burst	burst
Buy	bought	bought
Cast	cast	cast
Catch	caught	caught
Choose	chose	chosen
Cling	clung	clung
Come	came	come
Cost	cost	cost
Creep	crept	crept
Cut	cut	cut
Deal	dealt	dealt
Dig	dug	dug
Dive	dived/dove	dived
Do	did	done
Draw	drew	drawn
Dream	dreamed/dreamt	dreamed/dreamt
Drive	drove	driven
Drink	drank	drunk
Eat	ate	eaten
Fall	fell	fallen
Feed	fed	fed
Feel	felt	felt
Fight	fought	fought
Find	found	found
Fit	fit	fit
Flee	fled	fled
Fling	flung	flung
Fly	flew	flown
Forbid	forbade	forbidden
Forget	forgot	forgotten
forego (forgo)	foregone	foregone
Forgive	forgave	forgiven
Forsake	forsook	forsaken
Freeze	froze	frozen
Get	got	gotten
Give	gave	given
Go	went	gone
Grind	ground	ground
Grow	grew	grown
Hang	hung	hung
Hear	heard	heard
Hide	hid	hidden
Hit	hit	hit
Hold	held	held
Hurt	hurt	hurt
Keep	kept	kept
Kneel	knelt	knelt
Knit	knit	knit
Know	knew	know
Lay	laid	laid
Lead	led	led
Leap	leaped/leapt	leaped/leapt
Learn	learned	learned
Leave	left	left
Lend	lent	lent
Let	let	let
Lie	lay	lain
Light	lighted/lit	lighted
Lose	lost	lost
Make	made	made
Mean	meant	meant
Meet	met	met
Misspell	misspelled	misspelled
Mistake	mistook	mistaken
Mow	mowed	mowed/mown
Overcome	overcame	overcome
Overdo	overdid	overdone
Overtake	overtook	overtaken
Overthrow	overthrew	overthrown
Pay	paid	paid
Plead	pled	pled
Prove	proved	proved/proven
Put	put	put
Quit	quit	quit
Read	read	read
Rid	rid	rid
Ride	rode	ridden
Ring	rang	rung
Rise	rose	risen
Run	ran	run
Saw	sawed	sawed/sawn
Say	said	said
See	saw	seen
Seek	sought	sought
Sell	sold	sold
Send	sent	sent
Set	set	set
Sew	sewed	sewed/sewn
Shake	shook	shaken
Shave	shaved	shaved/shaven
Shear	shore	shorn
Shed	shed	shed
Shine	shone	shone
Shoe	shoed	shoed/shod
Shoot	shot	shot
Show	showed	showed/shown
Shrink	shrank	shrunk
Shut	shut	shut
Sing	sang	sung
Sink	sank	sunk
Sit	sat	sat
Sleep	slept	slept
Slay	slew	slain
Slide	slid	slid
Sling	slung	slung
Slit	slit	slit
Smite	smote	smitten
Sow	sowed	sowed/sown
Speak	spoke	spoken
Speed	sped	sped
Spend	spent	spent
Spill	spilled/spilt	spilled/spilt
Spin	spun	spun
Spit	spit/spat	spit
Split	split	split
Spread	spread	spread
Spring	sprang/sprung	sprung
Stand	stood	stood
Steal	stole	stolen
Stick	stuck	stuck
Sting	stung	stung
Stink	stank	stunk
Stride	strod	stridden
Strike	struck	struck
String	strung	strung
Strive	strove	striven
Swear	swore	sworn
Sweep	swept	swept
Swell	swelled	swelled/swollen
Swim	swam	swum
Swing	swung	swung
Take	took	taken
Teach	taught	taught
Tear	tore	torn
Tell	told	told
Think	thought	thought
Thrive	thrived/throve	thrived
Throw	threw	thrown
Thrust	thrust	thrust
Tread	trod	trodden
Understand	understood	understood
Uphold	upheld	upheld
Upset	upset	upset
Wake	woke	woken
Wear	wore	worn
Weave	weaved/wove	weaved/woven
Wed	wed	wed
Weep	wept	wept
Wind	wound	wound
Win	won	won
Withhold	withheld	withheld
Withstand	withstood	withstood
Wring	wrung	wrung
write	wrote	written