WE, OUR COMMUNITY AND NATION Grade- X

WE, OUR COMMUNITY AND NATION            
LESSON- 1 THE CONCEPT OF REGIONAL AND FEDERAL DEVELOPMENT
NEPAL
Ø  Location:             South Asia; North temperate zone
Latitude- 26o 22’N to 30o27’ N
Longitude- 80o4’ E to 88o12’ E
Altitude- 59 m- 8848m
Ø  Boundaries:       North- China, South, East & West- India
Ø  Area:                     1,47,181 sq. km. (0.3 % 0f Asia & 0.03% of world)
Ø  Length:                 885km east- west
Ø  Breadth:              193 km ( 145- 241)
Ø  Time:                    5 hrs 45 min ahead of GMT
Ø  Division of Nepal
1.       Terai Region: India border to Hill, 25-30 km width, sloping from the north to south, plain land, hot climate, 59/60 m- 600m altitude, 17% land, 20 districts, bread basket, 50.26% population
2.       Hilly Region: Between Terai & Himalayan, 76- 125 km width, not even land, temperate climate, 601m- 3000m altitude, 68% land, 39 districts, 43.01% of total population, headquarters of all DRs
3.       Himalayan Region: China border to Hill, 25-50 km width, full of Ice, Cold climate, 3001- 8848m altitude, 15% land, 16 districts, 6.73% population
Development regions: political or administrative division made by the state to run the administration smoothly. Nepal was divided into 4 DRs in 2029 BS & 5 in 2037 BS. (+MWDR with Seti & Mahakali)
Why Development Regions:
·         To run the administrative work effectively
·         To utilize resources maximally
·         To prevent migration
·         To participate local people in the mainstream of development
·         To develop social harmony and national unity
The Federal System of Government
·         Country is divide into different autonomous state or provinces
·         Separate government
·         Federal government in centre
·         Three administrative units: Central Government, State Government, Local Bodies
Power and authority of Central Government
·         Foreign affairs
·         National monetary policy
·         National security and military management
·         National transportation services
·         Large scale projects
Power and authority of provincial/state Government
·         Formulate state law
·         Public security, mobilization police
·         Local development activities
·         Small and medium projects
·         Preserve language, art and culture
Note:    Federal Government controls all the administrative activities if State Government is inactive.
                The countries with federal system= 27
Based on geographical feature, caste, creed, race, language, population, natural and human resources.

Merits of Federal System of Government
·         Maintain close relation between the state and its people
·         Conflict may settle at local level
·         Maximum use of means and resources
·         Balanced population distribution
·         No need to depend on central government for everything
·         Get not affected if the central government is dissolved
Demerits of Federal System of Government
·         Expensive form of government
·         Conflict may cause due to the natural resources
·         Different ethnic group may demand for separate state
Why federal Government in Nepal
·         To fulfil the needs of all the people with different language, caste, culture etc.
·         To utilize natural resources properly
·         To practice the motto of decentralization
·         To give equal opportunity to all the citizen
Decentralization: transfer of power from a central government to subordinate authorities.


                                                                                                                                                                                                Ranjit Kr Singh

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