CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NEPAL


Features of Constitutions

The Nepal Government Act- 2004 (Nepal Sarkar Baidhanik Kanun-2004):
By: Padma Shumser JBR
1. The 1st written constitution of Nepal implemented from 1st Baisakh 2005.
2. Provision to fundamental rights and Duties.
3. Provision for Attorney General, Provision for General and Public Service.
4. Provision of free compulsory primary education.
 5. Provision of village, municipal and district Panchayat.

 The Interim Constitution of Nepal- 2007 ( Nepal antarim shasan Bidhan- 2007)
By: King Tribhuwan
1. Constitution with directive principle of the state policy
2. Executive answerable to the king
3. Established the PSC
4. Provision for fundamental rights
5. Established the Advisory Assembly and Election Commision

 The Constitution of the Kingdom of Nepal- 2015
By: King Mahendra
1. Nepali lg with devnagiri script as official lg.
2. Bicameral legislature i.e. Mahasabha and Prastinidhi Sabha
3. Provision of constitutional Arms
4. The Council of Ministers responsible for the hose of Repesentative
5. Independent judiciary

 The Constitution of the Kingdom of Nepal- 2019
By: King Mahendra
1. Fundamental Rights and duties
2. Nepal as Sovereign, independent monarchial Hindu Kingdom
3. Citizen based on descent and naturalized citizenship
4. Executive power of King, council of ministers
5. Directive principles of Panchayati System
6. Supreme court
7. Special provision for Constitutional amendments

 The Constitution of the Kingdom of Nepal- 2047
By: King Birendra
1. Guaranteed fundamental rights and freedom of the citizen
2. Sovereignty vested in the people
3. Independent judiciary
4. Constitutional Monarchy
5. Multi-party system
6. Rule of law

 The Interim Constitution of Nepal- 2063
By: Speaker Subash Chandra Nembang on behalf of the Interim Parliament
1. Prepared and Promulgated on behalf of the people.
2. State Power and Sovereignty vested in the people
3. Secularism
4. Executive power in the Council of ministers
5. Provision for Election of the Constituent Assembly
6. Human Rights Commission as a constitutional organ
7. The chief of Army recommended by the Council of Ministers.

The Constitution of Nepal- 2073
By: President Ram Baran Yadav unveiled on behalf of
Speaker Subash Chandra Nembang on 3rd Ashwin 2072
BS. It is divided into 35 parts, 308 articles, and 9
schedules.
 It is the seventh constitution of Nepal. It was amended on 9th Magh 2072 B.S. The following are the major characteristics of the constitution:
1. Secularism
2. Federal model with seven provinces
3. Democratic Republican State
4. Independent and fair judiciary
5. Executive rights on Council of Ministers
6. President as a ceremonial head of the state
7. Full press freedom
8. Citizenship by descent to a child of a Nepali father or mother
9. Sovereignty of people

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