SELF HELP LEARNING

 My Favourite Subject: English English is my favourite subject. I enjoy learning English at school. It helps me read, write, speak, and understand new things. Our English teacher teaches us in a simple and interesting way. She explains every lesson clearly. I always listen carefully in class. I like reading English stories and poems. I also enjoy learning new words every day. English helps me talk with people from different places. I do my English homework regularly. I practice reading and writing at home. This helps me improve my English skills. English is a useful subject. It will help me in my studies and future life. I love learning English, and it will always be my favourite subject.

 My Favourite Food My favourite food is momo. It is a very tasty and popular food. I love eating momo with my family and friends. Momo is made with flour, vegetables, or meat. It is usually served with spicy chutney. The smell and taste of momo make me happy. My mother sometimes makes momo at home. We prepare the dough and filling together. Then we steam the momo until they are soft and ready to eat. I like momo because it is tasty, soft, and easy to eat. I enjoy it most when it is hot. I also like sharing momo with my family. Momo is my favourite food. I can eat it at home, in restaurants, or at parties. I always enjoy eating this delicious food.

 My Aim in Life Everyone has an aim in life. My aim is to become a teacher. I like teaching because teachers help children learn new things and become good people. I want to be a kind and helpful teacher. I will teach my students with love and care. I will make my lessons simple and interesting. A good teacher is patient and hardworking. I will always respect my students. I will help them when they have problems and encourage them to do their best. To achieve my aim, I will study hard. I will listen to my teachers and read many books. I will also learn new things every day. I hope to become a good teacher in the future. I want to help poor and needy children get a good education. I will work hard to achieve my aim and make my parents proud.

 My Favourite Animal My favourite animal is the dog. A dog is a friendly and useful animal. It is known as a faithful friend of humans. I love dogs very much. Dogs have four legs, two ears, a nose, and a tail. They have soft fur and sharp teeth. They can run fast and hear very well. Dogs eat meat, rice, bread, and other food. They like to play with people. They also love to go for walks. Puppies are very cute and playful. Dogs can guard our houses. They bark when they see strangers. Some dogs also help the police and rescue people. They are very clever animals. I like dogs because they are loyal, brave, and friendly. I want to have a dog as my pet. I will give it food, love, and good care. A dog is truly a wonderful animal.

 My Favourite Teacher My favourite teacher is my English teacher. Her name is Mrs. Sharma. She is kind, friendly, and helpful. She teaches us with love and care. She explains every lesson in a simple way. She speaks clearly and makes our class interesting. She always helps us when we do not understand something. My teacher is very hardworking. She comes to class on time and checks our homework. She teaches us good manners and good habits. She also tells us to be honest and kind. I like her because she treats all students equally. She listens to us and understands our problems. She always encourages us to study well and do our best. I respect my favourite teacher very much. She is not only a good teacher but also a good guide. I am happy to be her student. I will always remember her with love and respect.

 My Best Friend My best friend is Rohan. He is my classmate. He is kind, friendly, and helpful. We sit together in the classroom. I enjoy spending time with him. Rohan is a good student. He listens to our teachers carefully. He always does his homework on time. He helps me when I find a lesson difficult. We play together during our free time. We like playing football and cricket. We also read books and share our toys. We never fight with each other. Rohan always speaks the truth. He respects his teachers, parents, and friends. He is polite and has good manners. I like these good qualities very much. I am lucky to have a good friend like Rohan. We help and care for each other. I hope our friendship will last forever. I love my best friend very much.

 My Village My village is a beautiful and peaceful place. It is surrounded by green fields, trees, and small hills. The air is fresh and clean. I love my village very much. There are many houses in my village. Most people are farmers. They grow rice, wheat, vegetables, and other crops. They work hard in their fields. My village has a school, a temple, and a small market. There is also a playground where children play different games. The people in my village are kind and helpful. I have many friends in my village. We play together and enjoy our free time. During festivals, all the people celebrate together. We help each other in times of need. I am proud of my village. It is simple, beautiful, and peaceful. I love its green fields, fresh air, and friendly people. I always wish to keep my village clean and beautiful.

 My Family My family is small and happy. There are five members in my family: my father, my mother, my brother, my sister, and me. We live together in a lovely home. My father is a hardworking man. He works every day for our family. My mother is kind and caring. She cooks delicious food and takes care of us. My brother and sister are very friendly. We study and play together. We help each other with our work. We also share our toys and things. We love and respect each other. We eat our meals together and talk about our day. During holidays, we enjoy spending time together. Our family is full of love and joy. I love my family very much. My family always helps me when I have a problem. They teach me good habits and good manners. I feel safe and happy with my family. I am proud of my family.

 My School My school is a beautiful place where I learn many new things. It is near my home. My school has a big building, clean classrooms, and a nice playground. I love going to school every day. My teachers are kind, helpful, and friendly. They teach us with love and care. They help us when we do not understand our lessons. I respect all my teachers. My school has many students. I have many good friends there. We study, play, and learn together. We also take part in different games and school activities. Our school has a library with many useful books. We also have a clean garden with beautiful flowers and trees. Our playground is a good place to play football, cricket, and other games. I am proud of my school. It teaches me good habits, good manners, and useful knowledge. I love my school very much. I always try to keep my school clean and make my teachers proud.

Coronavirus is a dangerous virus that caused a worldwide disease called COVID-19. It was first reported in China in 2019. It spread quickly from one country to another. Many people became sick, and many people lost their lives. Coronavirus spreads mainly from an infected person to another person. It can spread through tiny drops when an infected person coughs, sneezes, talks, or breathes. Touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the face can also spread the virus. Coronavirus had many negative effects. Many people became sick and died. Schools, offices, shops, and factories were closed. Many people lost their jobs and businesses. Students could not go to school normally. People also felt fear, stress, and loneliness. There were some positive effects too. People learned the importance of cleanliness and personal health. They started washing their hands regularly and wearing masks. Families spent more time together. Online classes and online work became more common. Pollution als...

 Garbage management is a big problem in Nepal. With the growth of cities and population, waste is increasing every day. Many people throw garbage on roads, rivers, and open spaces. This makes the environment dirty and unhealthy. In cities like Kathmandu, piles of waste can be seen in many places. Poor garbage management causes bad smells and spreads diseases. It also harms animals and pollutes water sources. Plastic waste is one of the biggest problems because it does not decay easily. There are some efforts to manage waste properly. The government and local bodies collect garbage from houses. Some people separate waste into biodegradable and non-biodegradable items. Recycling and composting are also slowly increasing. However, more work is needed. People should be aware of keeping their surroundings clean. They should use dustbins and reduce the use of plastic. Schools can teach students about cleanliness and waste management. In conclusion, garbage management is everyone’s respon...

1 absorb soak up, take in अवशोषण गर्नु The sponge can absorb a lot of water. 2 accommodate adapt, adjust अनुकूल बनाउनु The hotel can accommodate 200 guests. 3 acquire gain, obtain प्राप्त गर्नु She acquired fluency in French within a year. 4 adapt adjust, modify अनुकूल बनाउनु Animals adapt to their environment to survive. 5 adopt accept, take on स्वीकार गर्नु The school adopted a new teaching method. 6 address deal with, tackle समाधान गर्नु We need to address the issue of climate change. 7 adjust modify, adapt ठिक पार्नु He quickly adjusted to the new working hours. 8 allocate distribute, assign बाँडफाँड गर्नु The government allocated funds for education. 9 analyze examine, break down विश्लेषण गर्नु Scientists analyze data to find patterns. 10 anticipate expect, foresee अपेक्षा गर्नु We anticipate a rise in prices next month. 11 assemble gather, collect भेला गर्नु We need to assemble the team for the project. 12 assert declare, state confidently दाबी गर्नु She asserted her innocence in...

एकाइ ३ शिक्षाका विभिन्न परम्परा तथा अभ्यास ३.१ शिक्षामा पारिवारिक परम्परा  - आमाबाबुहरू र तिनिहरूका बच्चाहरू एकै ठाँउमा समुह बनाएर बस्नु परिवार हो। - शिक्षामा पारिवारिक परम्परा भनेको पारिवारिक शिक्षा र पारिवारिक शिक्षाको प्रचलन भनेको हो।  - धेरै वर्ष पहिले देखि परिवारबाट शिक्षा दिने प्रक्रिया शुरु भएकोले यसलाई शिक्षामा पारिवारिक परम्परा भनिएको हो। - पारिवारिक प्रथा, संस्कृति लगायत पारिवारिक सिपबारे आउने पुस्तालाई सिकाउनु पारिवारिक शिक्षा वा परम्परा हुन्। शिक्षामा पारिवारिक परम्पराको महत्तव - घरपरिवारबाट आफ्ना छोराछोरीलाई आफ्नो संस्कृति, प्रथा परम्पराबारे जानकार गराउन - आफ्नो कूल, वंशले परम्पराबाट गर्दै आएको संस्कार बचाएर राख्न - शिक्षित आमाबाबुका छोराछोरी पढाई लेखाई प्रतिलगनशिल बनाउन - आफ्ना पूर्खाहरूले निर्माण गरेका कला-संस्कृति, पेशा-व्यवसायलाई र संरक्षण र सम्बर्धन गर्न - आफ्नो वंश परम्पराको संरक्षण गरि अझ विकसित तथा आकर्षित बनाउन ३.२ समुदाय तथा आश्रममा आधारित शिक्षाको परम्परा १. समुदाय शिक्षा - एउटै जात, धर्म, संस्कार वा मान्यताका मानिसहरुको जमातलाई समुदाय वा सम्प्राय भनिन्...

एकाइ २ शिक्षाका विभिन्न दृष्टिकोणहरू २.१ उपयोगितावादी शिक्षाको परिचय र विशेषता २.१. १ उपयोगितावादी शिक्षा - उपयोगमा आउन सक्ने शिक्षालाई उपयोगितावादी शिक्षा भनिन्छ। - प्राप्त शिक्षाको व्यवहारमा लागू गर्नु पर्ने मान्यता उपयोगितावादी शिक्षाको हो। - समस्या समाधान तथा अनुभवलाई प्राथमिकतामा राख्ने शिक्षा। - उपयोगितावादी शिक्षाले सीपमूलक, रोजगारमूलक, व्यवसायमूलक, पेशागत तथा जीविकोपार्जन गर्ने शिक्षामा जोड दिन्छ। - यो Utilitarian School of Thought बाट प्रतिपादित शिक्षाको दृष्टिकोणलाई उपयोगितावादी शिक्षा हो। - उपयोगितावादी सिद्धान्तको वकालत सर्वप्रथम दार्शनिक तथा कानूनविद Jeremy Benham (the father of Utilitarianism) ले सन् १७८९ मा गरे। - उपयोगितावादी शिक्षाको शैक्षिक दृष्टिकोण आनन्दवादी वा सन्तुष्टवादी (Hedonistic Theory) सिद्धान्त मा आधारित छ। - यो शिक्षाबाट समाजलाई पूर्ण रूपमा सन्तुष्टि प्रदान गर्ने सिकाईको सिद्धान्त हो। - उपयोगितावादी शैक्षिक दृष्टिकोणले पाठ्यक्रमको नतिजाबाट प्राप्त खुसी र दुःखका व्यवहार, प्रवृत्तिहरू, दृष्टिकोणहरू, मान्यताहरू र चाहनाहरूको मापन गर्छ।  उपयोगितावादी दर...

The Roles of Youths in Nation Building Youths are the future of any country. They have energy, fresh ideas, and the ability to bring change. If they work hard and act responsibly, they can help build a strong and successful nation. One important role of youths is in education. When young people learn well and gain skills, they can use their knowledge to improve society. Educated youths become doctors, engineers, teachers, and leaders who help the country grow. Another role of youths is to keep peace and unity. They should respect all people and avoid fights. By spreading love and kindness, they can make the country a better place to live. Youths also help in economic growth. They can start businesses, work in offices and factories, and create new technology. Hardworking young people make the nation rich and successful. Additionally, youths can take care of the environment. They can plant trees, clean their surroundings, and save water. A clean and green country is good for everyone. La...

Ranjit Singh Chauhan is an English language educator based in Mahottari, Nepal. He teaches at Durga Secondary School and is dedicated to helping learners improve their English skills. He is the creator of the 'Self Help Learning' YouTube channel, which offers educational content focused on grammar, vocabulary, and communication. Additionally, he maintains a blog (ranjitks.blogspot.com) titled 'SELF HELP LEARNING', where he provides articles, practice questions, and other learning resources. Ranjit Singh Chauhan also manages a Facebook page called 'Self Help Learning by Ranjit Sir', where he interacts with students and shares updates related to education.

Exercise  1. Amrita is ………useful member in our club. (a, an, the)  2. This is ……..place which I like to visit most. (a, an, the)  3. He plays ……. guitar well. (a, an, the)  4. Nile is ……..longest river in the world (a, an, the) 5. It is ….one rupee note. (a, an, the)  6. That is ………..book I like most. (a, an, the)  7. She is ……………..MBBS doctor (a, an, the)  8. Mr. Joshi is …….honorable person. (a, an, the)  9. We played ……football yesterday. (a, an, the, no article)  10. New zealand is …..island. (a, an, the) 11. There is …..ewe beside him, (a, an, the)  12. John is from ……village. (a, an, the)  13. Peter is from……USA. (a, an, the)  14. I like……computer. (a, an, the)  15. Who invented……telephone? (a, an, the)  16. She went to……..school as usual. (a, an, the, no article)  17. They went to………temple to observe its architecture. (a, an, the, no article)  18. …………milk in the bottle is fresh. (A, An, The)  19...

Advantages of Social Media Social media helps us stay connected with friends and family, even if they are far away. We can share pictures, messages, and videos quickly. It is also a good place to learn new things and meet people from different parts of the world. Sometimes, we can find helpful information for our studies or hobbies. Disadvantages of Social Media   However, social media can also have some problems. Spending too much time on it can take away time from schoolwork or playing outside. Sometimes, people might say mean things online, which can hurt feelings. There is also a chance of meeting strangers who might not be nice, so it's important to be careful and use social media wisely.

Soft Storm  Summary  "Soft Strom" is a poem written by creative Nepali poet, Abhi Subedi. This poem is written in free verse with a beautiful blend of natural and social description. Simply, it shows the journey of the speaker through narrow lane and lightening of Kathmandu city at night but in its deeper sense, it projects people's indifference feelings towards miserable conditions and sufferings of the people, male practices, tumult atmosphere, and chaos in the Nepalese society. The main theme of the poem "Soft Storm," is that the poet has developed indifference feeling over the absurdities of tumultuous times in the Nepalese society. In other words, the poet thinks about the contemporary situation of the Nepalese society. The poet is not happy with the present situation of the country and warns all the concerned authorities to think in time. Otherwise, he sees a revolution in near future. Dwell upon the Text a. When does the speaker grow soft? Enlist the occ...

The Awakening Age  Summary: In the poem "The Awakening Age," the poet Ben Okri depicts the struggles of African people and offers a demand for unity, peace, and solidarity among human beings from all over the world. This poem depicts how Nigerians have suffered a long history of starvation, poverty, unemployment, and conflicts (ethnic, religious, political, terrorism, militancy, electoral, and so on) that have rendered them a vulnerable community. Northern Nigeria has been oppressing the Igho group, which has resulted in ethnoreligious conflict. The poem depicts the narrative of a people whose optimism binds them together like glue, even though they are led by invisible powers. Dwell upon the Text a. Who are the people 'who travel the meridian line'? = The people who travel the meridian lines are people who cross the border of their countries in search of opportunities and jobs. b. What does the poet mean by 'a new world'? = ‘A new world' for the poet is t...